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“I think the second thing, the defense spending will go up, one because they need to replenish on the defense systems that they've been using over the past six weeks. And second because they're realizing that the world is a far more dangerous place than it was six weeks ago.”

“Iran had just basically two simple goals because they were completely cornered, which is basically survival of the system and the terrence so that they don't get attacked again in a few months. And they thought they could achieve this. So it's very very clear goals, very existential.”

“the direction is going to go down, and it's going to go down because you having the interruptions to oil exports, because that source of capital is that you export oil and gas. You get the income, you spend some of it domestically, and then the surplus you invest a broad”

“all of these countries are trying to diversify away from oil, and they're sort of sometimes they overlap on the same sectors at times. They have different visions for how to manage the oil wealth, which is important and that sometimes shows up in OPEC plus meetings.”

“it seems that whatever happens in the short term with this particular conflict, that the region, the Gulf region and the Middle East has already been vastly, vastly changed.”

“If you're Saudi, if you're the UAA and you have these alternative routs to Hormus, it's probably one of the better investments that you've made over the past few decades and it's paying off now.”

“this is not the first time that the US security umbrella disappoints the Gulf. This is one episode out of several. There's this current one which is probably the biggest. There's an episode in twenty seventeen one cutter Face to blockade from its neighbors and didn't get the US protection that it wanted.”

“So the mudurithinking about this, the Mudi thinking, you know, this is this is what wars do. They change a lot of things and a lot of perspectives on things, and that goes into corners that we didn't think about before, including architecture.”